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1 体验英语第二课

access

n

进入；通道

There is no access to the street through that door.

穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。

The only access to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.

到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一条泥泞小路。

使用；接近

easy of access

易于接近

Students need access to books.

学生需要使用书本。

accessible

adj.

能接近的, 容易会见的; 可亲的

可以出入的; 可以达到的, 容易取得的

易受影响的, 可以理解的

好相处的

可卸的, 易卸的

交通方便的

an accessible person

温和的人

accessible evidence

可取得的的证件

An open minded person is accessible to reasons.

虚心的人易于服理。

amount

vi.

总计, 共计, 共达(to)

等于, 相当于, 实际是, 就意味着(to)

His debts amount to five thousand dollars.

他欠的债共达五千元。

This amounts to a refusal.

这等于拒绝。

What, after all, does it amount to?

这到底意味着什么?

amount

n.

总数, 总额,数和

结果; 价值

要旨; 重要性

数额; 数量

amount of air

空气量

No amount of washing will remove them.

怎么洗也洗不掉。

What is the amount of this?

这总共是多少?

The amount of his remarks is that ...

他的话总的意思是...

conventional

[kEn5venFEnl]

adj.

常规的， 通常的， 传统的

受俗套束缚的， 按习惯办事的， 陈旧的

约〔协〕定的； 会议的

形式上的

可任意选择的

conventional rules of etiquette

通常的礼节规定

conventional warfare

常规作战

conventional weapons

常规武器

a conventional design

传统图案

conventional opinions

旧观念

conventional duties

协定关税

conventional tariffs

协定税率

conventional number

标志数

conventional symbols

任意选 择的符号

The chairman made a few conventional remarks.

主席说了几句客套话。

A fair exchange is no robbery.

[谚]公平交易并非强夺。

in exchange for

以...换

make an exchange

交换

on the stock exchange

在证券交易上, 在证券买卖上

exchange blows

互相殴打, 打架

exchange sth. with sb.

与某人交换[调换]某种东西

exchange words

争吵, 吵架

exchange

[iks5tFeindV]

vt.

交换, 调换, 互换

交流, 交易

兑换, 把...兑换成...; 退换

exchange Christmas gifts

交换圣诞节礼物

exchange seats with sb.

与某人调换一个座位

exchange experience

交流经验

exchange greetings

互相问候

exchange foreign money for Renminbi

把外币兑成人民币

She didn't really like the hat, but it couldn't be exchanged.

她并不十分喜欢那顶帽子, 但却无法退换。

exchange

vi.

n.

交换, 互换; 交流, 交易; 调换

an exchange of views

交换意见

exchange professor

交流讲学教授

exchange student

(两国间)交换的留学生

bill of exchange

汇票

foreign exchange

外汇

exchange broker

证卷交易所经纪人

exchange control

外汇管理

exchange force

物交换力

exchange quotations

外汇行情

extend和lengthen的反义词为shorten。这两个动词都可以表示时间和空间的“延长”，但是extend可以用于比喻意义上的“延长”，或范围的“扩展”。如：the extended meaning of a word (词汇的引伸意义)，to extend (or lengthen) a road (延长道路)，to extend (or lengthen) one's stay. (延长某人的逗留)

Can you extend your visit for a few days more?

你能把你的访问再延长几天吗？

The railway will be extended next year.

明年将要延长这条铁路。

…, and the project has now been extended. ……

作者： 61.50.141.* 2004-11-24 22:05 回复此发言

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2 体验英语第二课

而且此项计划现在已经扩大了。

He is extending his eyes with radar;…

人类借助雷达来扩大自己的视野。

He wanted to have his coat lengthened a bit.

他要把上衣放长一些。

elongate通常表示空间的“延长”。

A piece of rubber can be elongated by streching.

一块橡皮可以拉长。

stretch与elongate的差异仅在于，前者不正式，后者正式，多见于科技语言。

prolong通常表示时间的“延长”

But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle.

但是，阿尔弗雷德已经推断出，丹麦人已不再适应持久的战争了。

protract 也指时间的“延长”，但多指“拖延”

Three hours have passed since the discussion was begun, and I'm afraid they will protract it still longer.

这个讨论会已经开了3个小时了，而且恐怕他们还会拖延下去的。

the horizon of knowledge

知识范围

Science gives us a new horizon.

科学使我们大开新的眼界。

He knows his limitations.

他自知他的缺陷。

limit

n.

界限, 界线, 边界

限度; 限制

beyoud the danger limit

超过危险线

the limit of one's powers

某人权力限度

reach the limit of one's patience

达到了忍无可忍的地步

reach the limit of one's resource

山穷水尽

the city limits

市区范围

There is a limit to everything.

凡事都有限度。

golden opportunity

绝好的机会

let an opportunity slip

坐失良机

opportunity, occasion, chance, break这组词的一般含义是“时机”或“机会”。不管在口语中或者在文学作品中，这几个都是常用的词。

opportunity表示某时机符合自己想干某事的意愿、目的、雄心甚至野心。比方：“伺机而动”，这“而动”即去做自己想去完成的事情，此语可译为wait for an opportunity to take action；“借此机会说几句话”，这“说几句话”即说明该时机符合自己想干某事的意愿， 此语可译为to avail oneself of the opportunity to say a few words.

Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures,but few of us have had the opportunity to find out.

或许这两种想象中都有一定的真实成分，但是我们中很少有人有机会去发现它。

A man without an education,many of us believe,is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twenty-century opportunities.

我们许多人都相信，没有受过教育的人是境况不佳的不幸牺牲品，他们被剥夺了20世纪最了不起的机会之一。

occasion

含有opportunity所能表达的这样一层意思：某时机能激发或唤起某人的某种行为，如：在“必要时”一语中便包含着激发某行为的时刻，此语可译为When occasion demands…；“这不是哭泣的时候。”这句话可译为It's no occasion for crying。在to have no occasion todo…固定词组中，occasion之所以能够引申为reason或cause的含义，也是与occasion的上述基本词义有关的。

This sort of thing is usual on occasions like this.

这类事情在这种场合是常见的。

This is not an occasion for laughter.

这不是笑的时候。（指不适合于笑，或不是笑的场合。）

chance表示幸运或偶然的时机

Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth.

可能正是寻觅幽静的去处，或者找个猎奇的机会的欲望引诱着人们进入地球的深处。

No one discovers a rarity by chance.

侥幸发现一件珍品的人是没有的。

break作为时机解，一般要求修饰语，如：a good break, a bad break,即“走运”或“坏运气”。这个词的基本意思是：走运不能老走运，倒霉不能老倒霉，总有个break的

作者： 61.50.141.* 2004-11-24 22:05 回复此发言

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3 体验英语第二课

That fellow gets all the breaks;he has been working there for only six months and has already been promoted to the position of vice-president.

那个家伙真走运，在那里才干了6个月，就已经被提升到总副经理的职位了。

He has been assailed by bad breaks all these years.

这些年来他接二连三地倒霉。

restrict

vt.

限制; 约束; 制[禁]止

be restricted within narrow limits

限于狭窄的范围内

be restricted in one's movements

行动受约束

be restricted by time[law]

受时间[法律]限制

Discussion at the meeting is restricted to the agenda.

这次会上的讨论只限于议程上的项目。

restrain

vt

（常与from连用）抑制；束缚

to restrain oneself

自制；忍耐

I can't restrain my anger when I hear of people being cruel to animals.

当我听到人们残酷地对待动物时，我抑制不住愤怒。

refrain, restrain, constrain

refrain v.抑制，禁止，强调抑制一种冲动，是正式用语，为不及物动词，后接介词from。

Students refrain from smoking in the classroom.学生们克制住不在教师抽烟。

restrain v.抑制，约束，指通过管束阻止某事发生，是及物动词，其习惯用法是restrain sb. (sth.) from doing。

She restrains her dog by walking him on a leash.溜狗时，她牵着狗来限制它的活动。

constrain v.强迫，力劝，是及物动词。

A law constrains the government from spending more money than it takes in.法律限制政府开支大于收入。

restrain, check, refrain, bridle, curb, inhibit

这些动词均含“阻止、抑制、制止”之意。

restrain〓含义广，指用强力或权力去阻止或限制某人做某事。

refrain〓常指暂时对某种行动或冲动的抑制。

bridle〓指抑制住强烈的感情或欲望。

curb〓可指急剧或果断的制止，也可指用严格的方法加以控制。

inhibit〓主要指抑制愿望、情绪或念头，也指制止某物的蔓延。

Spread 被单, 床罩; 桌布

Will you connect this wire to the television ?你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗?

Private Institutions Play Large Role in US Education

The paper points out, with the progressive establishment of marketed-economy system and improvement of legal system construction, social organizations, as a link integrating the Party and government with the masses, play more and more important role, which are reflected in such aspects as: 1. Non-governmental organization of environmental protection, as the social basis and force of masses of environmental protection, is beneficial to development of the cause of environmental protection.

China's Well-off Society to Play Positive Role in World

Take over

CNN.com - Microsoft to take over MikeRoweSoft.com - Jan. 26, 2004

Could a Worm Take Over the Net in Minutes?

印尼新总统梅加瓦蒂7月23日正式宣誓就职，从而成为该国第五任总统。 有这样的新闻标题："Megawati takes over"。那么，"take over" 是什么意思呢？在这里，这个短语的意思是接任、接替，即梅加瓦蒂从前任总统瓦西德的手中接过大印，正式掌管印尼政权，"Megawati takes Indonesia over from Wahid（take something over from somebody）。如果将 "take over"两个单词合在一起则成了一个名词 "takeover", 意思是（通过收购股票而对某商业机构或公司）接管、接收。 将"take "和 "over"次序颠倒一下，成为 "overtake"则是动词"超车"的意思， 例如 "We can overtake the slow lorry on the corner."（我们可以在拐弯处超过那辆开得很慢得货车。）

take

take after 与…相象

take apart 拆开(机器等)

take…as 把…理解为

take away 拿走，夺去，使离去；减去

take down 取下；记下；拆卸

take for 认为，以为；误认为

take on 接受；包含；领会；承担，从事；呈现，具有；开始雇佣

take into account 把…考虑进去

take issue with sb. 与某人争论

take off 拿走；脱下(衣帽等)；起飞

take oneself off 走开，离去

take up 拿起；着手处理；占去

take sb. to task 责备某人，申斥某人

take to 开始；对…产生好感；形成的习惯

take up 占去，占据；开始从事

take over 占据；接任(职位)

take out 拿出；去掉；扣除；(通过申请等)取得，办理；(on)对…。发泄

take out loans 借贷

take aback 使吃惊，使困惑

take back 收回(说错的话)；使回忆起

take in 接受，接纳，吸收；包括；领会，理解；欺骗

take effect 生效

take turns 轮流

take up with 与…。成为朋友

take out on 对…。发泄

真 题:

The new appointment of our president ______from the very beginning of next semester.

A) takes effect B) takes part C) takes place D) takes turns 答案 A

Frequently single-parent children ___some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.

A) take off B) take after C) take in D) take on 答案 D

Our son doesn’t know what to _____at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future.

A) take in B)take over C) take up D) take after 答案 B

I’d ______ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan. A) take into account B) account for C) make up for D) make out 答案 A

governmental_百度翻译

governmental 英[?g?vn?mentl] 美[?g?v?rn?mentl]

adj. 政府的; 政治上的; 统治上的;

[网络] 政府性; 政府学校; 官;

[例句]Thus, the difficult cases usually involve governmental benefits.

所以，棘手的案件通常涉及政府的福利。

独立的_百度翻译

反义词：独立的

[词典] independent; absolute; free-running

[网络] Standalone; self-contained; independently;

[例句]计算机安全系统将由独立的技师来设计。

Computer security systems will be designed by independent technicians.

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